含苯甲醚基团的高分子液晶的合成及表征

本文讨论了侧链含有亚甲氧基连接基高分子液晶的合成及表征．用酚类与苯甲基氯制备了六种单体，用硅氢加成法合成了高分子液晶．六种单体为：4-(4—烯丙氧基苯甲氧基)联苯(M1)，4’—甲氧苯基4—烯丙氧基苯甲醚(M2)，4’—甲苯基—4—烯丙氧基苯甲醚(M3)，苯基4—烯丙氧基苯甲醚(M4)，4—(4-烯丙氧基苯甲氧基)4’—甲氧基联苯(M5)，4—(4—甲氧基苯甲氧基)-4’—烯丙氧基联苯(M6)．用偏光显微镜和DSC测定了单体和高分子液晶的相转变温度和介晶范围，单体M5和M6显示较好的液晶性，聚合物PM1、PM5、PM6、P(M2—M5)和P(M2—M6)显示出较好的液晶性，共聚物液晶比其它高分子液晶的介晶范围宽．     

建筑外环境的人性化设计

通过研究和分析人的行为模式与环境的互动关系,了解人们的行为倾向与需求,得出相关的环境设计准则供城市空间的创设者作参考,期望能为人们提供更多舒适自然、可亲可近的人性场所。     

The behavior of the homozygous and heterozygous sub-types of rats which are genetically-selected for diabetes insipidus: A comparison with Long Evans and Wistar stocks

Several aspects of spontaneous and conditioned behavior (food and water intake, locomotion and emotionality, passive and active avoidance acquisition and retention) of standard (albino and pigmented) rats, and rats heterozygous (HEDI) and homozygous (HODI) for diabetes insipidus, are reviewed. As would be expected, HODI rats have been repeatedly found to consume far more fluid than either HEDI or control rats. Pigmented rats appear to be more active than albinos. HODI rats exhibit less marked emotional responses than do control rats, among which the pigmented ones exhibit the highest emotionality. Light aversion is more evident in albino than in pigmented rats. No differences are found among HEDI, HODI and normal Long Evans rats. It is quite difficult to provide a clear-cut statement concerning inter-strain differences in passive avoidance behavior, possibly because of the variety of techniques employed. In any case, HODI rats do not perform worse than normal controls do. In one-way active avoidance paradigms, pigmented rats perform better than albinos, and the performance of HODI rats does not differ from that of controls. In two-way avoidance paradigms, albinos appear to outperform pigmented rats. Once again, there are no obvious differences between HODI and control animals.In addition to indicating that HODI rats may actually be less emotional than the other groups of rats reviewed here, the studies described once again fail to confirm the previously alleged functions of vasopressin in memory consolidation.     

科学不端行为的成因及对策

分析了科学不端行为的成因,探讨了从内部和外部来治理科学不端行为的具体措施。     

纳米SiO2对UHMWPE溶液流变性质及其结晶性能的影响

将纳米SiO2经偶联剂处理后，采用溶液共混法制成UHMWPE／纳米SiO2溶液。研究了表面处理后纳米SiO2在UHMWPE中的分散性能和纳米粒子及抗氧剂的添加对溶液粘度及结晶性能的影响。结果表明：表面处理后纳米SiO2在UHMWPE溶液中可达到纳米级均匀分散；溶液粘度及粘流活化能随纳米粒子加入量的增加而增大；抗氧荆和纳米粒子的添加对PE的结晶形态都没有影响；抗氧剂的加入使UHMWPE的结晶度变大，晶粒尺寸变小，而纳米SiO2粒子的加入使UHMWPE的结晶度变小，晶粒尺寸变大。     

香蕉形共轭液晶小分子的合成

利用Suzuki偶合反应合成了一系列新的香蕉形共轭液晶小分子,通过元素分析、IR、1H-NMR等测试手段对其结构进行了表征.采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微镜等方法研究了它们的液晶性和相变温度,发现所合成的香蕉形共轭液晶小分子是双向性热致液晶,其熔点和清亮点均随分子中末端烷氧基碳原子数的增加而降低.     

RTP硅太阳电池的研究进展

用快速热处理(RTP，Rapid Thermal Processing,)制备太阳电池p—n结开辟了一种新的低成本技术。这些年许多科研机构对RTP系统的设计、RTP快速扩散模型、RTP制作器件做了深入的研究。文章主要介绍了RTP快速扩散模型和回顾了RTP硅太阳电池的发展过程，提出了RTP硅太阳电池研究的一些发展方向。     

聚硅氧烷类侧链型高分子液晶的合成与表征

合成了对－（４－烯丙氧基苯甲酰氧基）苯甲酸联苯酚酯，将其与聚甲基氢硅氧烷反应得到侧链型液晶聚硅氧烷。用红外及＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ方法证实了所合成的单体及聚合物的结构。从ＮＭＲ谱上得出，聚合物含有１７．６％的α－加成侧链，与作者不久前提出的液晶聚硅氧烷一般都含有一定比例的α－加成侧链的推测相吻合。此外还用热台偏光显微镜方法研究了单体与聚合物的相行为。     

纳米晶硅的光电特性

利用ＰＥＣＶＤ方法及后处理工艺制备了具有室温可见光区光致发光效应的纳米晶硅（ｎ－Ｓｉ／ＳｉＯ２）薄膜材料，对其光吸收，光能隙以及电导率等特性参数进行了测试研究。发现该薄膜的可见光区吸收比ＰＥＣＶＥ方法制备的微晶硅，非晶硅等薄膜的光吸收明显减弱，且光能隙增大。而电导率则大大提高，达到１０－１－１０－３ｃｍ－１Ω－１的量级。该材料光学性能的变化可用量子尺寸效应进行定性解释，但其电导率的大幅度增加还有待进一步的研究。